Canada's 2022 Account Freezes: What They Mean for XRP Holders
Canada froze at least 257 accounts in 2022 without a court order. Courts called it unreasonable. What it means for XRP on exchanges, wallets and stablecoins.

Key takeaways
- In February 2022, Canada's Emergencies Act let banks and other financial firms freeze accounts linked to the trucker protest without a court order. The RCMP told a parliamentary committee that at least 257 accounts were frozen.
- A federal judge in January 2024 and the Federal Court of Appeal in January 2026 both ruled that using the act was unreasonable. On October 22, 2026, the Supreme Court of Canada agreed to hear the government's appeal. No hearing date has been set.
- The police list of 34 crypto wallet addresses worked through exchanges and other regulated firms. It could not switch off the coins in those wallets.
- Money on a bank or exchange balance, XRP in a wallet you control, and issuer-controlled stablecoins like RLUSD or USDT each carry a different freeze risk.
- Self-custody is not above the law. Courts can still order people not to move crypto, and cashing out runs back through exchanges and banks.
In February 2022, Canada used its Emergencies Act for the first time, letting banks freeze accounts linked to the trucker protest without a court order. At least 257 accounts were frozen. Two courts have since ruled the use of the act unreasonable, and the Supreme Court of Canada has agreed to hear the government’s appeal.
For XRP holders, the case shows who else has a hand on your money. According to the video, the freezes landed wherever someone else kept the books, while crypto in personal wallets was harder to reach. The same split applies to XRP on an exchange, XRP in your own wallet, and stablecoins issued by a company.
What happened in Canada in February 2022?
Canada’s government invoked the Emergencies Act on February 14, 2022, after weeks of trucker protests against vaccine mandates and other pandemic rules. The act dates back to 1988 and had never been used before.
Convoys rolled into Ottawa in late January 2022. Many protesters stayed about three weeks, parked across the streets around Parliament Hill. Border crossings were also blocked, including the Ambassador Bridge between Windsor and Detroit, one of the busiest crossings between Canada and the United States. On February 14, police in Coutts, Alberta, near another blockade, arrested 11 people and seized a cache of weapons. The government invoked the act the same day.
Alongside powers to clear the streets, the government issued an order aimed at money:
- Banks and other financial firms were told to stop dealing with people involved in the blockades.
- They could freeze accounts without a court order.
- Crowdfunding sites and payment companies were brought under Canada’s anti-money laundering rules.
- Digital assets were covered as well.
On February 17, Deputy Prime Minister and Finance Minister Chrystia Freeland told reporters that law enforcement was sharing information with Canada’s financial institutions and that they would act on it. A news report shown in the video described the goal as an effort to “choke off access to money” for protesters, supporters and organizers.
How many accounts did Canada freeze?
The RCMP, Canada’s federal police, told Parliament’s Finance Committee that at least 257 accounts were frozen. That figure included bank accounts, corporate accounts and credit cards. Earlier, a Finance Department official told MPs that up to 210 accounts holding about 7.8 million Canadian dollars had been frozen. For the people affected, that meant wages and savings they could not reach, with no judge involved.
The freezes were short. CBC reported on February 22, 2022, that most frozen accounts were being released. The government revoked the emergency on February 23, 2022, nine days after invoking it.
Could Canada freeze the convoy’s crypto?
Police could not switch off the crypto itself. Their wallet list worked only where coins met exchanges and other regulated firms. According to CoinDesk on February 16, 2022, the RCMP and the Ontario Provincial Police ordered regulated financial firms, including crypto exchanges, to stop dealing with 34 wallet addresses linked to the convoy.
As the video explains, a wallet address is not a bank account, and nobody on the Bitcoin network can turn one off. What the list could do was block those coins at the exchange, which is where most people turn crypto back into dollars. A Global News clip in the video made the same point: authorities have a chance to act when crypto is turned into cash, gift cards or prepaid cards.
A second, separate route went through a judge. On February 17, 2022, an Ontario judge hearing a lawsuit brought by downtown Ottawa residents granted a Mareva order. A Mareva order is a court order that freezes someone’s assets while a lawsuit goes ahead. CoinDesk reported the next day that the order covered more than 120 crypto addresses.
The video says the final picture was messy and the reporting never produced one neat number. According to the video, some crypto ended up held in escrow under the court case, meaning a third party looked after it until the lawsuit was settled. The video also cites a March 21, 2022 CBC headline saying digital currency donations were evading seizure. It cites a Vice report that truckers who received bitcoin struggled to cash it out. The lesson the video draws is that crypto you hold yourself is hard to freeze, but the exits back into dollars can be watched.
What did the inquiry and the courts decide?
A public inquiry backed the government, but two courts later ruled that invoking the Emergencies Act was unreasonable. The case now goes to the Supreme Court of Canada.
- February 17, 2023: The legally required public inquiry, led by Commissioner Paul Rouleau, found the high threshold for invoking the act was met. Rouleau said he did not reach that conclusion easily and that reasonable people could disagree.
- January 23, 2024: Justice Richard Mosley of the Federal Court ruled on challenges from the Canadian Civil Liberties Association and others. He found the decision to invoke the act unreasonable. He also found that the measures breached Charter rights to freedom of expression and to protection against unreasonable search and seizure.
- January 16, 2026: The Federal Court of Appeal agreed that using the act was unreasonable.
- March 2026: The government asked the Supreme Court of Canada to hear the case.
- October 22, 2026: The Supreme Court of Canada granted the government leave to appeal. It also granted the Canadian Civil Liberties Association and the Canadian Constitution Foundation leave to cross-appeal. No hearing date has been set.
The video was made just before that decision. When the host checked on October 16, 2026, there was no word from the Supreme Court.
CBC’s coverage of the 2024 ruling, shown in the video, picked out details that matter for anyone with a bank account. The government argued that freezing money is not the same as seizing it, since the money stayed in the account. The judge rejected that argument. He criticized the lack of an objective standard: by its own admission, the RCMP needed only “bare belief” that someone’s assets should be frozen. He also noted that joint account holders, including family members, were frozen out, with no clear effort to limit the financial damage.
The video says the judge also wrote that, had he been at the cabinet table in February 2022, he probably would have agreed the measures were necessary. In the video’s reading, the ruling was about how high the bar for emergency powers is, and the judge found the government did not clear it.
Where could your XRP be frozen?
The video sorts the money in the Canadian story into three kinds, and each one maps onto how XRP holders keep their funds.
| Where the money sits | Who keeps the books | Can it be frozen? |
|---|---|---|
| Bank balance or XRP on an exchange | The bank or exchange | Yes, under the company’s own terms or because the law tells it to |
| XRP in a wallet whose keys only you hold | You | The video says no company can freeze the coin itself, but courts can order you not to move it |
| Company-issued tokens such as stablecoins (USDT, RLUSD) | The issuer | Yes, the issuer can freeze them |
Account balances. A bank balance, or XRP on an exchange, is a line on someone else’s books. In Canada, those companies were told to freeze accounts. An exchange holding your XRP can pause it the same way. Bullrunners has covered what happens when an exchange freezes your account in more detail.
XRP in your own wallet. According to the video, XRP has no issuing company, because all of it was created when the ledger started. The video argues that this means no firm has a freeze button for the coin itself, and that this is why the list of 34 wallets only worked at exchanges.
Issuer-controlled tokens. The video calls this the category many holders miss. In an April 2025 CNBC interview shown in the video, Tether chief executive Paolo Ardoino said Tether had worked with more than 230 law enforcement agencies in more than 50 countries. He added: “We don’t wait for court orders.” Tether has since cited higher figures. Ripple’s RLUSD stablecoin is built the same way. In April 2026, David Schwartz, one of the XRP Ledger’s designers, wrote on X that RLUSD is not neutral. He said Ripple can freeze it and claw it back, and US courts can order Ripple to act. For the technical side, see how RLUSD’s freeze and clawback settings work and why XRP can’t be frozen while stablecoins can.
What self-custody does not protect you from
Holding your own keys does not put anyone above the law, and the video is clear on this. A court can order a person not to move their crypto, as the Ottawa judge did with the Mareva order. Ignoring that order is contempt of court.
The practical limit showed up quickly for the truckers. The moment you want to turn coins back into dollars, you are back at an exchange and a bank. Those are the exact places a list can reach. The video’s takeaway is not to hide money. It is to know which parts of your money someone else can put on hold, and to understand that by choice rather than by accident.
Questions the Canadian case raises
The video does not offer a checklist. Its three kinds of money do suggest a few questions that can help readers understand their own exposure:
- Which of your holdings sit on someone else’s books, such as bank accounts, exchange balances or stablecoins?
- For each of those, who could pause access: the company under its terms, a regulator, or a court?
- Are any of them joint accounts? In Canada, that meant family members were frozen out too.
- Which stablecoins do you hold, and which company issues each one?
- If you ever turned coins from a personal wallet into dollars, which exchange or bank would they pass through?
What to watch next
The next step is the Supreme Court of Canada hearing. The court granted the government leave to appeal on October 22, 2026, and also allowed the Canadian Civil Liberties Association and the Canadian Constitution Foundation to cross-appeal. No hearing date has been set. Until the court rules, the record stands like this: an inquiry said the government had reasonable grounds, and two courts said using the act was unreasonable.
In the video’s view, the money side of the story is already clear, whatever the final ruling. When the pressure came, it landed wherever somebody else kept the books. For XRP holders, it is worth knowing which of your holdings fall into that group before anyone needs to find out.
Frequently asked questions
Did Canada freeze bank accounts without a court order?
Yes. Under the Emergencies Act, invoked on February 14, 2022, banks and other financial firms could freeze the accounts of people linked to the trucker protest blockades without a judge's approval. The RCMP told Parliament's Finance Committee that at least 257 accounts were frozen, including bank and corporate accounts and credit cards.
What did the courts decide about Canada's Emergencies Act freezes?
On January 23, 2024, Justice Richard Mosley of the Federal Court ruled that invoking the act was unreasonable. He found that the measures breached Charter rights to freedom of expression and to protection against unreasonable search and seizure. The Federal Court of Appeal agreed on January 16, 2026, and on October 22, 2026, the Supreme Court of Canada agreed to hear the government's appeal. No hearing date has been set.
Could Canada freeze the convoy's crypto wallets?
Not at the network level. Police gave regulated financial firms, including exchanges, a list of 34 wallet addresses, and the video explains that nobody on the Bitcoin network can switch off an address. Separately, an Ontario court's Mareva order covered more than 120 crypto addresses, according to CoinDesk.
Can XRP be frozen?
According to the video, XRP has no issuing company because all of it was created when the ledger started, so no firm has a freeze button for the coin itself. XRP held on an exchange can still be paused by that exchange, either under its terms or because the law requires it.
Can Ripple freeze RLUSD?
Yes. In April 2026, David Schwartz, one of the XRP Ledger's designers, wrote on X that RLUSD is not neutral, because Ripple can freeze it and claw it back, and US courts can order Ripple to act.
Full video transcript
From the video's captions, lightly formatted. Captions can mishear names and numbers, so check figures against the article above.
The 14th of February, 2022, the 23rd of January, 2024, and the 16th of January, 2026. Now, them three dates are one story about money that people thought was theirs. Now, on the first date, the one I first mentioned, Canada's government used its Emergencies Act for the first time ever, and that law dates back to 1988. Under it, banks could freeze the accounts of people linked to the trucker protest without going to a judge first. On the second date that I mentioned, a federal judge ruled that using the act had been unreasonable, and on the third, Canada's Federal Court of Appeal agreed with him.
So, if you're one of the XRP holders watching this, then this matters to you. All right, Canada froze bank accounts without a court order, and here's what it couldn't freeze. If you own XRP, stick with me because Canada's court later said the 2022 freezes went too far. And the reason they gave actually says a lot about where your money sits. Now, Canada sent crypto exchanges a list of 34 wallets.
Here's what happened, right? I'm going to keep this fair. Whatever you thought of the protest, the money side of the story is something every one of us can learn from. So, keep an eye on the first link in the description, guys, because I'm going to be explaining it within 5 minutes into this video, and it's actually meant for anyone who's ever stopped to ask who else has a hand on their money. So, let me set the scene before we really, really get deep, right?
In late January 2022, convoys of trucks rolled into Ottawa to protest against vaccine mandates and other pandemic rules. Now, many of them stayed there for 3 weeks. All right, they parked across the streets around Parliament Hill. Now, people who live downtown complained about the horn, the fumes, and the blocked roads, which I would also, right? Border crossings were blocked, too, including the Ambassador Bridge between Windsor and Detroit.
That's one of the busiest crosses between Canada and the United States. So, the 14th of February, police in Coutts, Alberta, near another blockade, arrested 11 people and seized a cache of weapons. That same day, the government invoked the Emergencies Act. Now, alongside powers to clear the streets and bring in new trucks, so it brought in an order aimed squarely at the money. Banks and other financial firms were actually told to stop dealing with people involved in the blockades.
They could freeze the accounts without a court order, so that's why they said it. All right, crowdfunding sites and payment companies were brought under Canada's anti-money laundering rules, and digital assets were covered as well. So, you can see how big this story is. Now, on the 17th of February, the Finance Minister Chrystia Freeland actually posted that law enforcement were sharing information with Canada's financial institutions and that they'd be taking action based on that. So, here's how CNBC News explained it to viewers the next morning.
Let's watch this first, then we're going to get real deep into the heart of the story.
We know that financial institutions are already moving to restrict access to both cash and cryptocurrency. That's another big thing here that we're watching as well. So, the RCMP have been sharing information with these financial institutions on the protesters, their supporters, the organizers here trying to sort of starve off or choke off access to money.
Choke off access to money. So, that was the game. And for anyone whose money sat in a bank, it worked fast. Now, most of us have felt a small version of that. A card gets declined at the till or a transfer gets held for checks and the money's yours, right?
But you can't touch it. So, you ring up, nobody can tell you when it will be released. Most of us have never actually sat down and asked who has the power to put our money on hold or, to be honest, what we'd do for a week if they did. So, as always, it's not financial advice. Please do your own research.
We're about to get deep into this, but if you could do me one favor, that would be hit that subscribe button cuz we're about to cross 400,000 subscribers, which is absolutely mind-blowing. So, thank you to everyone who supports us. Let's run the intro.
[music]
So, let me tell you what the link actually is down below, right? Because that's going to be an important part of the story, too. And it's not me telling you to buy XRP, by the way. That's not what I'm here for. There may be way better opportunities for you, but you're not going to know unless you hit that link.
So, this story shows why it does matter to know where your money sits and who else can reach it. And that declined card feeling is the kind of thing our Altcoin Pro course is designed to help you plan around. It covers the difference between coins on an exchange, coins in a wallet you control, and tokens a company can freeze. It also shows you how much of each makes sense for you and what your plan is before anything goes wrong. Now, the idea is that where your coins sit becomes your decision.
It's not an accident. So, here's what to do. Go to the first link in the description, fill in the short form, then simply book your free 15-minute call, and one of the team is going to walk you through your own strategy and situation with you. All right, if you're watching this on your phone, just tap the more button, guys, under the video. It's going to be the first link you see.
It's quicker than making a cup of tea, literally. So, do it straight away, and then come back for that list of 34 wallets that I'm about to drop. So, how big was it? Well, Parliament's Finance Committee was told that at least 257 accounts have been frozen, and the Finance Department put that money in around 7.8 million Canadian dollars. Now, for the people on that list, it meant wages and savings they couldn't reach with no judge involved.
It didn't last long, right? On the 22nd of February, CBC reported that most of the frozen accounts were being released. And on my birthday, everyone, this is why I remember it very clearly, on the 23rd of February, the government in 2022 revoked the emergencies altogether. So, that act was revoked 9 days start to finish. Okay, the next part that I'm going to talk about is the one a crypto channel really has to look at, and it's probably the base of this video.
According to CoinDesk on the 16th of February 2022, the RCMP gave crypto exchanges a list of 34 wallet addresses linked to the convoy. And then, then exchanges were expected to stop dealing with them. But, think about what a list like that can actually do. A wallet address isn't a bank account. There's nobody on the Bitcoin network who can switch one off, and what a list can do is stop those coins coming in through the front door and exchange, whereas most people actually turn them back into dollars.
Global News put it way simpler than how I probably can, so watch this.
Crypto experts say cracking down on Bitcoin itself is complicated, but authorities have an opportunity to act when that crypto is turned into cash, gift cards, or prepaid cards.
When the crypto is turned to cash, that's the pressure point, all right? And it's worth remembering. There was a second front as well, right? On the 17th of February, an Ontario judge, hearing a case brought by people who lived in downtown Ottawa, actually granted what's called a Mareva order, and that's a court order where it freezes someone else's assets while a lawsuit goes ahead. Now, the next day, CoinDesk reported it covered more than 120 crypto addresses.
And notice the difference, that one went through a judge. So, what happened to the crypto in the end? Well, it's messy, and the reporting never gave one neat number. Some of it ended up held in escrow under the court case, which means it was handed to a third party to look after until the lawsuit was settled. Now, one crypto news site, Bitcoinist, reported that authorities had got hold of about 6 or 21 Bitcoin donated to the e-convoy.
On the 21st of March 2022, CBC actually ran a headline saying digital currency donations for the convoy were evading seizures by the authorities. But, the coins that got away were not easy money, either. All right, Vice reported that truckers who were given Bitcoin struggled to cash it out. And that's the real lesson from this part. Crypto you hold yourself is a very hard to freeze, but the doors back into dollars can be watched.
To be fair to the government, the law says there has to be a public inquiry after the act is used. This one was led by a judge, right? His name was Paul, and he reported on the 17th of February 2023. Here's CBC's report of what he found. It is super interesting, so deep into this and I'll come straight back.
The
very high threshold required for the invocation of the act was met. Cabinet had reasonable grounds to believe that there existed a national emergency arising from threats to the security of Canada.
But, Rouleau said he didn't reach that conclusion easily and acknowledged reasonable people could come to another one.
Reasonable people could come to another one, and that's exactly what happened in court. On the 23rd of January 2024, Justice Richard Mosley of the Federal Court ruled on challenges brought by the Canadian Civil Liberties Association and others. He actually found that decisions to invoke the act was unreasonable, and he found that the money measures actually broke the part of Canada's Charter of Rights that protects people against unreasonable search and seizures. The Civil Liberties group posted its reaction that day. Here's how CBC explained the money part of that ruling, right?
Check this out.
The government's lawyer argued, "Well, technically, freezing assets isn't [music] the same as seizing them. Like, the money was still there, in the bank account. Nothing was seized." But, the judge didn't buy that argument, and he was critical of how there didn't really seem to be much of an objective [music] standard that the RCMP followed in deciding whose assets to freeze. That all the RCMP required, by their own admission, was bare belief that someone's assets ought to be frozen.
Bare belief. In other words, the RCMP needed very little to go on before the money stopped. And the judge went further than that.
In the end, the judge ruled that the act gave the RCMP too free a hand when meddling with people's [music] personal finances. Too many people were frozen out of their accounts, including family members, if these were joint accounts, and with no clear effort on the government's part to minimize the financial damage.
Joint accounts, so a husband and wife who'd never been anywhere near Ottawa could find the household money frozen as well. To be fair, the judge also wrote that if he'd been at the cabinet table back in February '22, he probably would have agreed it was necessary, right? So, it wasn't a judge saying the process was fine. It was a judge saying the bar for the emergency powers is very high, and this didn't clear it, unfortunately. So, the government appealed.
On the 16th of January 2026, the Federal Court of Appeal gave its answer. This is CTV News that evening.
After 3 weeks, the government invoked the Emergencies Act, which allowed for temporary measures like regulating and banning public assemblies and freezing bank accounts. The move was met with a legal challenge by the Canadian Civil Liberties Association and other groups. And after a federal judge ruled against the government, it appealed to the Federal Court of Appeal, which also agreed the use was unreasonable.
Then in March 2026, the government asked the Supreme Court of Canada to hear the case. And when I checked on the 16th of October 2026, I couldn't find any ruling from the Supreme Court. So, the final word on this hasn't been written, all right? That's the simple truth. So, where does all of that leave us, XRP holders?
Well, strip it right back. There are three kinds of money in the story. The first money is in an account, that's a bank balance, okay? Or coins sitting on an exchange. Your balance is really a line on someone else's books.
And in Canada, that someone was told to freeze it. An exchange works the same way. If you keep XRP on one, the exchange can pause it under its own terms. Or it could just because the law tells it to. Now, the second is XRP in a wallet whose keys only you hold.
XRP has no company issuing it. All of it was created when the ledger started. So, there's no firm with a freeze button for the coin itself. Now, that's the same reason the list of 34 wallets only worked at the exchanges. It couldn't reach the coins themselves.
The third is the one a lot of people miss, and it's tokens that a company issues, like stablecoins, right? Here's Tether's chief executive, Paolo Ardoino, on CNBC in April 2025 explaining how his company works with the police.
We worked with more than 230 law enforcement agencies [music] across more than 50 countries. There is no company, no institution, even in traditional financial system that has such a breadth of of collaboration with law enforcement. We don't wait for court orders. Imagine police trying to track wires that go internationally across multiple courts, multiple jurisdictions. It's a mess.
With stablecoins, with USDT, every action is traceable on blockchain.
We don't wait for court orders. That's what they say, right? Those are almost the same words we settled we started with in Canada. With a stablecoin, the company that issues it can freeze it. And Ripple's own dollar token, RLUSD, is built the same way.
Now, in April 2026, David Schwartz, one of the people who designed the XRP ledger, put it plainly on X. He wrote the RLUSD is not neutral because it is tied to Ripple, who can freeze it and claw it back in the United States, all right? Whose courts can order Ripple to do things. So, I don't want to oversell this. Holding your own keys doesn't put anyone above the law.
They actually shouldn't, right? A court can order a person not to move their crypto, just like Ottawa judge did. And ignoring a court order is contempt of court. And those truckers found the moment you want to turn coins back into pounds or dollars, you're back in an exchange and a bank, which are the exact places a list can reach. So, the honest takeaway isn't to hide your money, it's to know which parts of your money someone can else can put on hold.
And to make a choice on purpose rather than by accident. Here's what I'd like to know from you, right? In a real emergency, should a bank be allowed to freeze an account with a judge signing off first or should a court order always come first? Now tell me where you land in the comments guys and keep it civil, right? And if you rather someone else read the court ruling so you don't have to, then hit the subscribe button.
So here's where it's left at the 16th of October 2026, an inquiry said the government had reasonable grounds, two courts said using the act was unreasonable and the Supreme Court of Canada may be the one to settle it. Whichever way that goes guys, the money part of the story is settled in my mind. So when the pressure came, it landed wherever somebody else kept the books. That's worth knowing about your own money long before anyone needs it. So make sure you'll stay safe out there.
Cryptocurrency carries risk and past results are no guarantee of future ones. Hit the link down below so you know where your money is going, where it could go, who holds it, what control is there and as always stay bullish. Oh.
Education and commentary only, not financial advice. Crypto is volatile and you can lose money. Do your own research and speak to a qualified advisor before making investment decisions. Figures and quotes are as reported in the video on October 26, 2026 and may have changed since.


