Fact Checks

XRP Reserve Currency Claims: What Ripple Executives Really Said

Did Ripple say XRP would be the world's reserve currency? Bullrunners traces six popular XRP phrases back to the full clips and finds a smaller story.

Video: XRP Reserve Currency Claims: What Ripple Executives Really Said

Key takeaways

  • According to the video, the 'XRP global reserve currency' theory grew from real Ripple quotes, but the full clips usually say something smaller than the shared versions.
  • Brad Garlinghouse's 'effectively a global reserve currency' line explained why XRP was created with 100 billion units and described the creators' hopes. It did not announce any adoption, and the clip's date and event are unknown.
  • In 2015 David Schwartz named the US dollar or government-issued gold tokens as possible reserve currencies on the Ripple network, and said XRP 'certainly might not' get that role.
  • A national crypto reserve (a government stockpile of coins) is not the same as a reserve currency (money the world saves and trades in).
  • Before acting on any clip, check who said it, when and in what context, and ask whether it describes a dream, a description or a deal.

Ripple’s leaders have talked about XRP and reserve currencies, but none of the full clips examined in a Bullrunners video announces that XRP has become, or will become, the world’s reserve currency. Host George Lee argues the theory grew from real quotes by Brad Garlinghouse, David Schwartz and others that were cut down as they spread.

That matters if you hold XRP. Most holders hear these quotes as a clip of a clip, cut down to the most exciting sentence. If your plan rests on that sentence, it is worth knowing what was actually said, when, and in what context. The video traces six phrases back to their source.

Where did the ‘internet of value’ idea come from?

The video traces the phrase ‘internet of value’ to Ripple co-founder Chris Larsen. He used it in a 2015 film made when the World Economic Forum named Ripple Labs a Technology Pioneer. In the film, Larsen says the world’s payment networks were built in silos because each needs a central operator. He calls correspondent banking ‘1970s technology’ that works but is slow. He notes you can literally FedEx money from the US to Europe faster than you can wire it.

Larsen, then CEO, describes Ripple Labs as helping build ‘the internet of value’ using distributed ledger technology. In the rest of the interview he describes it as a new rail, so value can move the way information does. According to the video, he does not mention XRP once in that film. Online, the phrase later became shorthand for a new money system with XRP at the center.

The pattern the video flags is that a phrase about plumbing gets read as a promise about price.

Did Brad Garlinghouse call XRP a global reserve currency?

Brad Garlinghouse did use the words ‘effectively a global reserve currency’. He used them to describe what XRP’s creators hoped for, not to report any adoption. According to the video, the clip was uploaded in August 2022 under a title saying XRP’s creators want it to be a global reserve currency. It shows him answering an audience question.

The question was whether 100 billion XRP would be enough once xRapid, Ripple’s XRP payment product, ran at full global scale. Garlinghouse said XRP was created before Ripple existed and that its creators chose 100 billion units. He said that rather than a small supply at a very high price, they saw XRP as something they wanted to be, in his words, effectively a global reserve currency.

He was explaining why the supply is so large. He did not say any government had picked XRP or that any deal existed. The video also notes a gap: none of the uploads it found gave a date or an event. The question mentions xRapid, which Ripple renamed On-Demand Liquidity in 2019. The video says that makes 2017 to 2019 the likely window, but it cannot confirm the date or event. Old Garlinghouse clips have been misread before, as covered in how an old Garlinghouse clip was misread.

The pattern here is that ‘they saw it as’ becomes ‘they want it to be’. A few shares later it becomes ‘it has been chosen’.

What did David Schwartz actually say about a reserve currency?

In 2015, David Schwartz, then Ripple’s chief cryptographer, said the reserve currency of the Ripple network could be the US dollar or gold tokens issued by a government, not necessarily XRP. He said this on episode 54 of the Bitcoins and Gravy podcast. The video says the episode is on the LTB Network’s YouTube channel.

Schwartz first made the bullish case. XRP can move between any two accounts without anyone needing to trust anyone. He said that gives it a ‘privileged position’ that could make it the preferred go-between currency, and if that happened, demand would rise.

The host then asked what happens if it doesn’t. Schwartz answered that ‘it certainly might not’. The Federal Reserve could issue dollars directly onto the network and everyone could treat those as the ideal intermediary currency. In that case, he said, XRP would not see that rise in demand.

The host asked whether the US dollar could become the reserve currency of the Ripple network. Schwartz said it was certainly possible. He added that a government, using China as a hypothetical, could issue 100% gold-backed tokens that people might choose instead. Shortly after, he said Ripple Labs had bet on XRP and held an enormous amount of it. He said its main business model was those coins rising in value, but that there is no guarantee.

The video says the answer was clipped again in 2023 and shared under titles asking whether Schwartz had confirmed XRP as the world’s reserve currency. The pattern is that the word gets kept and the subject gets swapped. A separate claim involving Schwartz is examined in our piece on the secret XRP plan and NDA theory.

Is there a Ripple ‘holy grail’ quote about banks using XRP?

There is. Dilip Rao, then Ripple’s global head of infrastructure innovation, called banks using XRP ‘the holy grail’ at the 2018 Blockchain Venture Summit, organized by the Turkish tech site Webrazzi. The video dates the talk to March 2018. Rao described a bank using XRP to get foreign currency, such as Turkish lira or yen, when it needed it, instead of holding balances abroad.

Rao also said that in 2016 Ripple ran a technical trial in which 12 banks used XRP between themselves. The part that rarely gets shared came right after. Rao said ‘they will take time to get there’ and that regulators had to feel comfortable. He said volatility had to come down and markets had to get deeper. ‘This just takes time,’ he said. He then said Ripple did not have a bank using XRP at that point, only money transfer firms trialing it, though he expected banks to follow sooner rather than later.

According to the video, Garlinghouse said the same in a short film Ripple released on its own channel in March 2018. In it he says introducing XRP into those flows ‘will take time’, and that ‘every marathon starts with a single step’. The video says one August 2022 upload combined the holy grail line with the reserve currency clip as if they were a single announced plan. The difference between Ripple’s products and actual XRP use is covered in RippleNet vs XRP.

The pattern here is that the caution gets cut and the goal is presented as if it had already happened.

Is a national crypto reserve the same as a reserve currency?

No. A national crypto reserve is a stockpile of coins a government keeps, like gold in a vault. A reserve currency is money that countries use to trade and save in, the job the US dollar does today.

On January 27, 2025, Garlinghouse posted on X that a US national crypto reserve should be representative of the industry and hold a mix of coins, not just one token, whether Bitcoin, XRP or anything else. On March 6, 2025, President Trump signed an order setting up a Strategic Bitcoin Reserve and a separate US digital asset stockpile. Both were to be filled with coins forfeited in criminal or civil cases. Neither makes XRP anyone’s reserve currency. For what that order means in practice, see why XRP in the reserve order can still be sold.

Did Ripple ever call itself a lender of last resort?

The video found no evidence that it did. A lender of last resort is what a central bank does in a crisis: it lends to banks when nobody else will. The video says videos linking Ripple to that role go back to at least March 2020. The host could not find a Ripple executive saying it in any clip, talk or paper.

The nearest item the video found was a February 2025 report from the Bitcoin mining news site Blockspace on court documents involving Swan Bitcoin. The captions render the name as ‘Swarm’. The video describes the report as saying Swan had taken financing from Ripple, but Blockspace corrected that story the day it ran. Its editor’s note says the documents did not prove Ripple financed Swan. According to Blockspace, the documents allege that Swan entered into an unconditional secured guaranty with Ripple Labs. Separate UCC filings, which are public notices of a creditor’s claim on a borrower’s assets, list Ripple as a secured party and Swan as debtor. None of this shows Ripple acting as a lender of last resort. The video says this is the one phrase of the six that appears to have started without any source quote.

The six phrases side by side

Phrase Who said it What it meant in full
Internet of value Chris Larsen, 2015 Payment rails without a central operator; XRP not mentioned
Effectively a global reserve currency Brad Garlinghouse, undated (likely 2017-2019) Why XRP was created with 100 billion units; the creators’ hope
Reserve currency of the Ripple network David Schwartz, 2015 Could be the dollar or government gold tokens; XRP might get no role
The holy grail Dilip Rao, 2018 A long-term goal that ‘just takes time’; no banks using XRP yet
National crypto reserve Garlinghouse, January 2025 A government stockpile of coins, not world money
Lender of last resort No source found No Ripple quote; nearest item was a corrected report on Ripple and Swan Bitcoin

The video adds one more clip for balance. At Davos in January 2023, Garlinghouse told CNBC he has always tried to avoid short-term predictions because timing is so hard to know.

How to check an XRP quote before you act on it

The video offers two simple tests. First, find out who said it, when, and in what context. Second, ask whether the quote describes a dream, a description or a deal. Bullrunners has turned those tests into a short checklist and added a few steps of its own:

  1. Find who actually said it, and their role at the time.
  2. Find when and where it was said. If nobody can date the clip, be more careful with it.
  3. Listen to the full answer, including the question asked and what came right after.
  4. Ask whether it is a dream (an ambition), a description (an explanation of how something works) or a deal (a confirmed agreement). Only a deal points to actual adoption.
  5. Compare the original words with the caption or title on the shared version.

The host is clear that none of this means Ripple’s leaders were wrong to dream big, or that the bull case for XRP is dead. It means the case should rest on things you can check, such as who is using the XRP Ledger and for what.

What to watch next

When the next reserve currency or holy grail clip goes viral, look for the full recording before reacting. Check whether the shared version names a date, an event and a counterparty. Watch for real, verifiable signs of use, such as published partner announcements and on-ledger activity, rather than half a sentence from a stage.

Frequently asked questions

Did Ripple say XRP would become the world's reserve currency?

Not as an announcement. Brad Garlinghouse said XRP's creators saw it as something they wanted to be 'effectively a global reserve currency' while explaining why it was created with 100 billion units. He did not say any government or institution had chosen it.

What did David Schwartz say about a reserve currency on the Ripple network?

On the Bitcoins and Gravy podcast (episode 54) in 2015, Schwartz said the US dollar or a government's gold-backed token could become the reserve currency of the Ripple network. He also said XRP 'certainly might not' get the go-between role, and that there is no guarantee.

What is the XRP 'holy grail' quote?

At the 2018 Blockchain Venture Summit, Ripple's Dilip Rao called banks using XRP instead of holding foreign currency balances abroad 'the holy grail'. In the same talk he said it would take time, that regulators needed to feel comfortable, volatility had to fall and markets had to deepen. He also said no bank was using XRP yet.

Does the US digital asset stockpile make XRP a reserve currency?

No. The March 6, 2025 order set up a Strategic Bitcoin Reserve and a separate digital asset stockpile, both filled with coins forfeited in criminal or civil cases. A government holding seized coins is different from the world trading and saving in a currency.

Has Ripple called itself a lender of last resort?

The video found no Ripple executive saying that in any clip, talk or paper. The nearest item it found was a February 2025 Blockspace report on court documents involving Swan Bitcoin. Blockspace later corrected that report to say the documents did not prove Ripple had financed Swan.

Full video transcript

From the video's captions, lightly formatted. Captions can mishear names and numbers, so check figures against the article above.

A lot of the biggest XRP theories didn't start with some random account online. They actually start with Ripple's own people saying things on camera, on stage, and in interviews. So, take the big one, XRP becomes the world's reserve currency, the money the rest of the world saves in and trades in. Well, that reserve currency theory started with Ripple's bosses in their own words. So, here's what they really said.

There's a clip of Brad Garlinghouse, Ripple's chief executive, using those exact words. Now, there's a podcast where David Schwartz, one of the people who designed the XRP ledger, talks about a reserve currency Ripple network. And there's a Ripple executive on stage calling banks using XRP the holy grail. So, the words are real. Ripple's executive said it first, then the theories changed the words because when you play the whole answer, you often hear a different sentence from one that got shared.

So, if you own XRP, hear the full clip before you believe the global reserve currency story. I'm going to take six phrases, find who said each one, and then when and in what context, and set it next to what the theories turned into. Somewhere in the description, guys, right at the top, there's a link, and I'm going to come back to you before we pass the 5-minute mark in the video. It is meant for anyone who has made a decision about their coins off the back of a quote they only heard half of, right? So, let's just be honest before we get into the deep.

Plenty of us have been there. We very rarely hear these things firsthand. We hear them as a clip of a clip, all right, or a screenshot of a screenshot with music under it and a caption on top. By the time a sentence reaches us, it's been cut down, and the part that sounds most exciting is the only bit we get. And when real money is sitting on that sentence, that's a nervous place to be.

Now, every clip feels like it might change everything. So, we keep checking, and we keep reacting. So, let's begin where the whole thing begins, right? The phrase that sits under a lot of XRP theories comes from Chris Larsen, who co-founded Ripple. In 2015, the World Economic Forum named Ripple Labs one of its technology pioneers, and filmed him explaining the problem he wanted to fix.

Let's watch this together first.

The problem is that the world's payment networks have been built in a siloed way because they all need central operators.

[music]

And if you have a central operator, there's just no way the world will all agree on who that central operator should be. So, we [music] have all these workarounds like correspondent banking, which works, but it's 1970s technology.

[music]

It's why you can literally FedEx money from the US to Europe faster than, you know, you can wire money.

A courier beating a bank transfer, that's the old system Ripple said it wanted to replace. And plenty of us have felt that frustration ourselves, right? Waiting days for money to land in another country. I feel this all the time. Then, he named the idea.

Check this.

I'm Chris Larsen, I'm the CEO and co-founder of Ripple Labs. Ripple Labs is a financial technology company. We're helping build what we refer to as the internet of value, and we're using distributed ledger technology to do that.

The internet of value. And in the rest of that interview, he describes it as a new rail, right? So, the world can move the value the way it moves information. And notice what he doesn't say in that film. He doesn't mention XRP once.

He's actually talking about payment networks that do not need one company in charge. Online, that phrase grew into something else. The internet value became shorthand for a new money system with XRP in the middle of it. That's the first pattern to keep in mind. A phrase about plumbing gets read as a promise about price.

And as always, guys, this is not financial advice. Please do your own research. I'm just going to give you the facts that I can find, and you make up that what you want. Okay? So, let's roll the intro, and let's get deep into this.

[music]

So, welcome back, Bullish Brothers. My name is George Lee. If you're new to the channel, please make sure you hit that subscribe button. If you've been here before, please check if you hit that subscribe button. We're very close to 400,000.

I would love to get there this week. So, before the next quote, let's go back to the feeling of reacting to every clip. A lot of us hold XRP because of a story we believe in, and there's nothing wrong with that. The trouble starts when the whole plan resets on a sentence nobody's checked. Now, I'm not going to tell you in this video to buy XRP because I don't know your situation, and there might be way better opportunities for you.

But what I will say is what matters more is is a plan and understanding it in full. One that doesn't fall apart when the next clip turns out to be cut short. Building that kind of plan is the whole point of our old coin pro course. All right, you're going to be able to work out your share of money on a single coin deserves. You're going to be able to work out where your coin sit and what your move would be if the market jumped or dropped hard.

So, here's what I would do. I would go to the first link in the description right now. I'd fill in the short form, then I'd book your free 15-minute call and one of the team will talk you through your own strategy and your own situation. There is no charge, like I said, it's free, okay? So, if you're watching this on your phone, tap the more button under the video and you're going to see the link come up.

Book it now before the next clip lands in your feed and then come back to this video because the reserve currency quote is coming up very soon. Now, the second phrase is the clip that a lot of reserve currency videos lean on. It's Brad Garlinghouse answering a question from someone in an audience, right? One uploaded from August 2022. Gives the title XRP creators want it to be a global reserve currency.

So, what does he actually say? Well, the question was whether 100 billion XRP would be enough once a Ripple product called X Rapid run at a full global scale or whether there would be a shortage. And he answers that XRP was created before Ripple existed. Now, that its creators decided on 100 billion units and that rather than a smaller number with a very high price, they saw it as something they wanted to be, in his words, effectively a global reserve currency. Now, listen to the shape of that answer.

He's explaining why the supply is so big. He's also describing what the original creators saw it as. He isn't saying any government has picked it or that any deal exist and nobody has made it official. There's one more thing you should know, right? I couldn't find the original video.

None of the uploads I found gave a date or an event name. The question mentions X Rapid and the name Ripple used it for its XRP payment product before renaming it on-demand liquidity in 2019. So, it is very likely from somewhere between 2017 and 2019. But, I can't tell you exactly where and when he said it and neither can the videos that share it and that's the honest truth. In fairness to anyone who shares it, it is a big thing for a chief executive to say out loud and it does tell you how ambitious the founders really are.

It's a real window into how they thought about the coin. But ambition and agreement, they're not the same thing. And the second pattern, okay, they saw as becomes they want it to be. And a few shares later, it's now it's been chosen. So you can see the difference.

The third phrase goes back to 2015. David Schwartz, then the Ripple's chief cryptographer, went on a Bitcoin podcast called Bitcoins and Gravy. It's actually episode 54. So it's on the LTB Network's own YouTube channel. You can watch it now.

Schwartz had just explained how XRP could end up as the go between currency on the network because XRP can move between any two accounts without anyone having to trust anyone. He said it has, in his words, a privileged position. And that could cause it to be preferred. Now if that happened, demand would go up. And that's the bullish half, right?

And it's a fair argument. The host then asked him, "What if it doesn't happen?" Check this out.

If that happens, demand will go up.

I see. Now what if it doesn't happen?

It certainly might not. It could be that, for example, the Federal Reserve decides to issue dollars directly onto the Ripple network and everybody thinks that's the perfect intermediary currency. And then XRP doesn't get that kind of role, in which case you would not see that increase in demand.

Well, it certainly might not. And that's one of the people who designed the ledger in 2015 telling a podcast that XRP might never get that role. And straight after that, the host asked about reserve currencies.

I see. Is it possible that just as the USD is the reserve currency of the world right now, against what a lot of people would like to see, is it possible that the USD could eventually be the reserve currency of the Ripple protocol, Ripple network?

It's certainly possible. You could also see another government, any country could do this, introducing, let's say, gold, 100% reserve backed gold on the Ripple network. And people might decide, "Ooh, that's what I want to use as my reserve currency because I, you know, maybe the government of China, let's say, does that and people trust them." There's certainly any number of ways this could play out.

Schwartz talked about reserve currency on the Ripple network, the candidates he gave were the US dollar or gold tokens issued by a government. It actually wasn't XRP, in fact. Okay? So a few seconds later, he said Ripple Labs had bet on XRP, holds an enormous amount of it, and that is the main business model was those coins rising in value in the future. But, of course, in his words, there is no guarantee.

Okay, in 2023, the answer was clipped and passed around again. And in the same year, videos run titles asking whether Schwartz had confirmed XRP as the world's reserve currency. Well, that's the third pattern. The word gets kept and the subject gets swapped. The fourth phrase is the one that powers the idea in the banks that are quietly sitting on XRP in March 2018.

Dilip Rao, then Ripple's global head of infrastructure innovation at he spoke at the Blockchain Venture Summit filmed by the Turkish tech site Webrazzi. Okay, near the end of his talk, he actually described the end goal. Instead of a bank holding piles of Turkish Lira or Yen abroad, it could use XRP to get the currency it needed. Well, it could get that when it needed without holding balances. He called that the holy grail.

Okay, the ultimate end goal. He'd also mentioned that back in 2016, Ripple run a project with 12 banks using XRP between themselves as a technical trial. That's ASA. But earlier in the same talk, right after the trial, came the part that hardly gets shared. Check this out.

So, they've already tried that out. And we know that that's the holy grail. But they will take time to get there. Uh and regulators also have to feel comfortable. The volatility has to come down as I had mentioned.

Markets are going to have to get deeper. This just takes time.

This just takes time. And in his very next sentence, he answered the question directly. Ripple didn't have a bank using it at that point. Only money transfer firms started to trial it. Though he said he expected banks to use it sooner rather than later.

His boss was saying the same thing. And in March 2018, Ripple put out a short film of Brad Garlinghouse on its own channel. Listen to this part.

We can change and accelerate how that works really materially, dramatically.

[music]

And I think introducing XRP into those flows will take time. But as I said, every marathon starts with a single step.

Every marathon starts with a single step and it will take time. Now, those were Ripple's own words in 2018, but in August 2022, one upload bundled the holy grail line together with the reserve currency clip in one video as if they were a single plan announced they won't go. That's the fourth pan. Now, the patience gets cut and the gold gets presented as if it had happened. The fifth phrase is much newer, right?

And it uses the same word in a completely different way. In late January 2025, Garlinghouse argued that if America set up a national crypto reserve, then it shouldn't only hold Bitcoin. It should hold a mix of coins. And that kind of reserve is a store of coins a government keeps, a bit like a stockpile of gold in a vault, right? A reserve currency is something very different.

It's the money of countries used to trade and to save in. The job in the US dollar does, okay? One word, two meanings and online the two kept getting mixed together. Now, what actually happened is on the record. On the 6th of March 2025, the White House set up a strategic Bitcoin reserve and a separate US digital asset stockpile.

And both were to be filed with coins the government had taken through forfeitures. That means assets taken in criminal or civil cases. Neither of those makes XRP anybody's reserve currency. And a government holding a coin it sees is not the same as the world pricing and trading that coin. The sixth phrase is lender of last resort.

And that's the job a central bank does in a crisis, lending to banks when nobody else will. Videos linking Ripple and XRP to that role go back to at least March 2020. Now, I actually went looking for a Ripple executive saying it and I couldn't find one, okay? Not in a clip, a talk or a paper anywhere. The closest real thing I found is much smaller.

It was in 2025 at early stages. The Bitcoin mining news site Block Space reported from court documents that the Bitcoin company Swarm had taken financing from Ripple. That's a company lending money to another company is ordinary business. It doesn't make anyone a lender of last resort. So, of the six phrases, that's the one that seems to have started without the words and at least as far as I could trace it anyway.

So, let's put them side by side. The internet of value was about payment rails. And the film doesn't mention XRP. Now, effectively, a global reserve currency was a description of why the supply is so large from a clip I couldn't date. The reserve currency of the Ripple network was the dollar or gold with XRP possibly getting no role at all.

The holy grail came from within the woods, right? This is just takes time. And the national crypto reserve was a store of seized coins. It was not a new world money. Now, when you listen to Garlinghouse on a big stage, he asked about the market.

He's very careful, right? Here he is at Davos in January 2023 talking to CNBC.

You know, I I've always tried to avoid short-term predictions because I think it's so hard to know timing.

That's the man whose clip gets used to promise a reserve currency saying he avoids predictions because timing is so hard to know. Well, none of this means Ripple executives were wrong to dream big. Building something new takes a big idea and they've actually been open about this, all right? And none of it means the bull case of XRP is dead. It means the bull case should stand on things we can check, like who's using the ledger and what for, not on half a sentence from a stage.

And a dream, a description, and a deal are three different things, all right? A lot of theories actually come from treating them as the same thing. So guys, tell me in the comments about a quote from the XRP world that you'd like to trace back to the person who said it and I'll see what I can find and make a video, right? And if you like more of these quotes followed back to the full recording, subscribe so you don't miss them. As always, guys, crypto carries risk and past results are no guarantee of future ones.

Stay bullish out there. Oh.

[music]

Education and commentary only, not financial advice. Crypto is volatile and you can lose money. Do your own research and speak to a qualified advisor before making investment decisions. Figures and quotes are as reported in the video on October 22, 2026 and may have changed since.